Bioengineering or biological engineering is the application of the principles of engineering and biology to create tangible, usable and economically viable products. Bioengineering can be applied to systems at molecular, cellular, tissue-based, organismal and entire ecosystem levels. The design of bioengineering products is often inspired from biological systems or based on their modification and control. It is vital for the development of medical diagnostic equipment and medical imaging technology, prosthetics, renewable bioenergy, biocompatible materials, ecological engineering, etc. It can also be used in different areas of engineering, biotechnology, biocatalysis and bioprocess engineering. Some of the major branches of bioengineering are biomedical engineering, biological systems engineering, environmental health engineering, biorobotics, biomimetics, etc. The aim of this book is to present researches that have transformed the discipline of bioengineering and aided its advancement. From theories to research to practical applications, case studies related to all contemporary topics of relevance to this field have been included herein. Through this book, we attempt to further enlighten the readers about the new concepts in this field.