This book presents current academic research on additive manufacturing using biodegradable materials and promotes the utilization of more sustainable practices and materials in 3D printing at a societal level. It represents the first comprehensive study focused on this area, where significant growth is anticipated in academic research and applications across industry, the arts, and do-it-yourself (DIY) initiatives over the coming years. This book is a compilation of original research chapters authored by leading scholars in the field, framed by an introduction and conclusion provided by the editors. The introduction primarily comprises two chapters: one compiles lifecycle information of prevalent 3D printing methods and materials, while the other reviews existing research in biodegradable 3D printing. The invited chapters are divided into two sections: the first section addresses methodologies and the technical means for achieving 3D printing with biodegradable materials, featuring research on various fibers, binders, and technologies, with a focus on materials science and chemical engineering. The second section emphasizes applications across different fields and explores the potential offered by biodegradable materials, including applications in medical implants, product design, molds for casting, and architectural-scale applications. This book offers an overview of various methods, materials, and applications, making it suitable for readers from academia in materials science, chemical engineering, and biomedical engineering, as well as industry professionals in product design, architecture, and the fine arts that are interested in exploring techniques or alternatives applicable to their practice. It is also relevant for the hacker and maker communities that wish to improve the sustainability of their methods. Additionally, the book's appendix provides step-by-step instructions for novices, such as students or members of the maker community, to quickly initiate their own projects and research efforts.