This volume offers an in-depth exploration of how contemporary democracies organise, distribute, and restrain political power through evolving systems of accountability. It presents interdisciplinary perspectives that illuminate the legal, institutional, and societal mechanisms designed to ensure transparency, responsibility, and responsiveness in public life. By analysing both formal procedures and informal norms, the contributions reveal how accountability shapes decision-making, influences political behaviour, and fosters democratic trust. The book also addresses emerging challenges, such as polarisation, technological change, and declining civic engagement, showing how they redefine expectations toward those in power.