The study of human activity through the recovery and investigation of material culture is known as archaeology. It is considered to be a social science. There are various objectives in archaeology such as understanding culture history, rebuilding past lifeways and documenting as well as explaining the changes in human societies over time. The different processes which are a part of this discipline are surveying, excavation and analysis of the collected data. There are several academic sub-disciplines within archaeology such as historical archaeology, ethnoarchaeology, experimental archaeology, archaeometry and cultural resources management. This book provides comprehensive insights into the field of archaeology. It has been compiled in such a manner, that it will provide in-depth knowledge about the theory and practice of this discipline. This textbook will serve as a reference to a broad spectrum of readers.