Presenting recent progress in exploring anisotropic 2D materials, the reader will be introduced to phosphorene and its arsenic alloys, monochalcogenides of group IV elements in the form of MX (M = Ge, Sn and X = S, Se, Te), low-symmetry transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMD) materials such as rhenium disulphide (ReS2) and rhenium diselenide (ReSe2), and organic 2D materials. Covering many aspects of anisotropic 2D materials, including recent research progress, major obstacles, and future direction, this book will be a useful reference for materials scientists, chemists, physicists and engineers. This book may also be of use to those in chemical academia and industry more broadly.