Animal science and welfare is rapidly expanding at a global scale. Scientists and researchers all over the world are devising new methods to better understand the physiology, genetics and behavior of animals. The chapters included herein bring forth some of the most innovative concepts and elucidate the unexplored aspects of animal science. The significance of animals for ecological sustainability, protection of endangered species, taxonomy and biodiversity of animals are some of the topics that have been discussed within this book. The extensive content of this book provides the readers with a thorough understanding of animal welfare. Students, researchers, experts and all associated with zoology and veterinary science will benefit alike from this book.