Fuels which are derived from sources other than petroleum are termed as alternative fuels. Some of their common examples are biodiesel, bioethanol, propane, hydrogen, electricity and non-fossil natural gas. The key components of biofuels include biomass, plants, animal waste and grease. Biodiesel is obtained from plants such as soybean, sunflowers, palm, etc. Alcoholic fuels such as ethanol and methanol are obtained from resources like corn and sugarcane. Another recent advancement in this field is carbon neutral fuels. These are derived from carbolic acid found in seawater or by hydrogenation of waste carbon dioxide recycled from exhaust gases. This book is a compilation of chapters that discuss the most vital concepts and emerging trends in the field of alternative fuels. From theories to research to practical applications, case studies related to all contemporary topics of relevance to this field have been included herein. This book is a vital tool for all researching and studying this field.