The amino acid alanine is a nonessential amino acid. It can be synthesised in the human body and used to synthesise many different proteins. Alanine is found in a wide variety of foods, but is is found in meats at higher concentrations. In this book, the authors present current research in the study of the dietary sources, physiological functions and health benefits of alanine. Topics discussed include a-alanine and calcium carbonates interaction for bio-mineralisation; alanine and its role in bacterial spore biology; and the functions of alanine, beta-alanine and carnosine.