This book compiles a number of well-known authors in their respective research fields who have contributed their chapters on numerous specialised topics, such as sources of particulate matter emissions, their dispersion modelling, long-range transport, and both epidemiological and toxicological effects on human health. A part of this book is dedicated to controlling measures of particulate matter using innovative methods and approaches. This book revolves around particulate matter, mainly in outdoor environments. It contains a wide range of chapters, from critical reviews to original research-based case studies for different regions of the world. This book contains both very basic information that is important for undergraduate students and advanced research-based content, which is sufficient to draw the attention of young and established researchers.