Selection bias can, and does, occur, even in randomized clinical trials. Steps need to be taken in order to ensure that this does not compromise the integrity of clinical trials; hence "Selection Bias and Covariate Imbalances in Randomized Clinical Trials" offers a comprehensive treatment of the subject and the methodology involved. This book: * Provides an overview of the hierarchy of study designs, and justifies the position of randomised trials at the top of this hierarchy. * Discusses the strengths and defects of randomisation, and provides real evidence to justify concern regarding its defects. * Outlays the damaging consequences that selection bias causes when it does occur. * Considers courses of action that can be taken to manage/ contain the problem. * Presents methods that can be used to detect selection bias in randomised trials, and methods to correct for selection bias. * Concludes by providing a comprehensive plan for managing baseline imbalances and selection bias in randomised trials, and proposing open problems for future research. Illustrated with case studies, this book introduces groundbreaking ideas and research that will be invaluable to researchers and practitioners who design and analyse clinical trials. It will also be of interest to graduate students within the field of biostatistics.