This protocol has been developed for long-term monitoring of forest breeding bird populations within the National Park Service (NPS) Northeast Temperate Network (NETN) as part of the Inventory & Monitoring Program (IM). NETN consists of 13 parks, including the Appalachian National Scenic Trail (APPA). Excluding APPA, the parks total approximately 18,500 ha, with diverse cultural and natural resources. They range in size from just 4 ha at Saugus Iron Works National Historic Site (SAIR), located near densely populated Boston, Massachusetts, to over 15,800 ha at Maine's Acadia National Park (ACAD).